A comprehensive reference for all essential vocabulary needed for the Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT) N5 level, organized by theme and type. This vocabulary list has been compiled based on commonly recognized N5-level vocabulary from multiple sources.
(JLPT does not publish official vocabulary lists, but indicates the level of language knowledge expected)
Pronouns & Demonstratives
Personal Pronouns
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 私 | わたし | watashi | I, me | pronoun |
| 私達 | わたしたち | watashitachi | we, us | pronoun |
| あなた | anata | you | pronoun |
| 彼 | かれ | kare | he, him | pronoun |
| 彼女 | かのじょ | kanojo | she, her | pronoun |
| 彼ら | かれら | karera | they (male/mixed) | pronoun |
Demonstrative Pronouns
| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| これ | kore | this (near speaker) | pronoun |
| それ | sore | that (near listener) | pronoun |
| あれ | are | that (far from both) | pronoun |
| どれ | dore | which one | pronoun |
| この | kono | this (modifier) | pronoun |
| その | sono | that (modifier) | pronoun |
| あの | ano | that (modifier) | pronoun |
| どの | dono | which (modifier) | pronoun |
| ここ | koko | here (near speaker) | pronoun |
| そこ | soko | there (near listener) | pronoun |
| あそこ | asoko | over there | pronoun |
| どこ | doko | where | pronoun |
Question Words
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 何 | なに/なん | nani/nan | what | pronoun |
| 誰 | だれ | dare | who | pronoun |
| いつ | itsu | when | pronoun |
| どこ | doko | where | pronoun |
| なぜ | naze | why | pronoun |
| どう | dou | how | pronoun |
| どうして | doushite | why, how come | pronoun |
| どうやって | douyatte | how (method) | pronoun |
| どれ | dore | which one | pronoun |
| いくつ | ikutsu | how many, how old | pronoun |
| いくら | ikura | how much (price) | pronoun |
Numbers & Counting
Basic Numbers
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 零 | れい/ぜろ | rei/zero | zero | noun |
| 一 | いち | ichi | one | noun |
| 二 | に | ni | two | noun |
| 三 | さん | san | three | noun |
| 四 | よん/し | yon/shi | four | noun |
| 五 | ご | go | five | noun |
| 六 | ろく | roku | six | noun |
| 七 | なな/しち | nana/shichi | seven | noun |
| 八 | はち | hachi | eight | noun |
| 九 | きゅう/く | kyuu/ku | nine | noun |
| 十 | じゅう | juu | ten | noun |
| 百 | ひゃく | hyaku | hundred | noun |
| 千 | せん | sen | thousand | noun |
| 万 | まん | man | ten thousand | noun |
Counters
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 一つ | ひとつ | hitotsu | one (thing) | counter |
| 二つ | ふたつ | futatsu | two (things) | counter |
| 三つ | みっつ | mittsu | three (things) | counter |
| 四つ | よっつ | yottsu | four (things) | counter |
| 五つ | いつつ | itsutsu | five (things) | counter |
| 六つ | むっつ | muttsu | six (things) | counter |
| 七つ | ななつ | nanatsu | seven (things) | counter |
| 八つ | やっつ | yattsu | eight (things) | counter |
| 九つ | ここのつ | kokonotsu | nine (things) | counter |
| 十 | とお | too | ten (things) | counter |
| 一人 | ひとり | hitori | one person | counter |
| 二人 | ふたり | futari | two people | counter |
Time Expressions
Days of the Week
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 月曜日 | げつようび | getsuyoubi | Monday | noun |
| 火曜日 | かようび | kayoubi | Tuesday | noun |
| 水曜日 | すいようび | suiyoubi | Wednesday | noun |
| 木曜日 | もくようび | mokuyoubi | Thursday | noun |
| 金曜日 | きんようび | kinyoubi | Friday | noun |
| 土曜日 | どようび | doyoubi | Saturday | noun |
| 日曜日 | にちようび | nichiyoubi | Sunday | noun |
Months
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 一月 | いちがつ | ichigatsu | January | noun |
| 二月 | にがつ | nigatsu | February | noun |
| 三月 | さんがつ | sangatsu | March | noun |
| 四月 | しがつ | shigatsu | April | noun |
| 五月 | ごがつ | gogatsu | May | noun |
| 六月 | ろくがつ | rokugatsu | June | noun |
| 七月 | しちがつ | shichigatsu | July | noun |
| 八月 | はちがつ | hachigatsu | August | noun |
| 九月 | くがつ | kugatsu | September | noun |
| 十月 | じゅうがつ | juugatsu | October | noun |
| 十一月 | じゅういちがつ | juuichigatsu | November | noun |
| 十二月 | じゅうにがつ | juunigatsu | December | noun |
Time & Temporal Expressions
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 今日 | きょう | kyou | today | noun |
| 昨日 | きのう | kinou | yesterday | noun |
| 明日 | あした | ashita | tomorrow | noun |
| 一昨日 | おととい | ototoi | day before yesterday | noun |
| 明後日 | あさって | asatte | day after tomorrow | noun |
| 今朝 | けさ | kesa | this morning | noun |
| 今晩 | こんばん | konban | tonight | noun |
| 朝 | あさ | asa | morning | noun |
| 昼 | ひる | hiru | noon, daytime | noun |
| 夕方 | ゆうがた | yuugata | evening | noun |
| 夜 | よる | yoru | night | noun |
| 真夜中 | まよなか | mayonaka | midnight | noun |
| 今週 | こんしゅう | konshuu | this week | noun |
| 先週 | せんしゅう | senshuu | last week | noun |
| 来週 | らいしゅう | raishuu | next week | noun |
| 週末 | しゅうまつ | shuumatsu | weekend | noun |
| 今年 | ことし | kotoshi | this year | noun |
| 去年 | きょねん | kyonen | last year | noun |
| 来年 | らいねん | rainen | next year | noun |
| 今 | いま | ima | now | noun |
| 前 | まえ | mae | before, front | noun |
| 後 | あと | ato | after | noun |
| 時 | とき | toki | time, when | noun |
| 毎日 | まいにち | mainichi | every day | noun |
| 毎朝 | まいあさ | maiasa | every morning | noun |
| 毎晩 | まいばん | maiban | every night | noun |
| 毎週 | まいしゅう | maishuu | every week | noun |
| 毎月 | まいつき | maitsuki | every month | noun |
| 毎年 | まいとし | maitoshi | every year | noun |
Hours & Minutes
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 一時 | いちじ | ichiji | 1 o'clock | noun |
| 二時 | にじ | niji | 2 o'clock | noun |
| 三時 | さんじ | sanji | 3 o'clock | noun |
| 四時 | よじ | yoji | 4 o'clock | noun |
| 五時 | ごじ | goji | 5 o'clock | noun |
| 六時 | ろくじ | rokuji | 6 o'clock | noun |
| 七時 | しちじ | shichiji | 7 o'clock | noun |
| 八時 | はちじ | hachiji | 8 o'clock | noun |
| 九時 | くじ | kuji | 9 o'clock | noun |
| 十時 | じゅうじ | juuji | 10 o'clock | noun |
| 十一時 | じゅういちじ | juuichiji | 11 o'clock | noun |
| 十二時 | じゅうにじ | juuniji | 12 o'clock | noun |
| ～分 | ～ふん/～ぷん | ~fun/~pun | ~minute(s) | noun |
| 半 | はん | han | half (30 minutes) | noun |
Family & Relationships
Family Members (Humble)
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 家族 | かぞく | kazoku | family | noun |
| 両親 | りょうしん | ryoushin | parents | noun |
| 父 | ちち | chichi | father (my) | noun |
| 母 | はは | haha | mother (my) | noun |
| 兄 | あに | ani | older brother (my) | noun |
| 姉 | あね | ane | older sister (my) | noun |
| 弟 | おとうと | otouto | younger brother (my) | noun |
| 妹 | いもうと | imouto | younger sister (my) | noun |
| 祖父 | そふ | sofu | grandfather (my) | noun |
| 祖母 | そぼ | sobo | grandmother (my) | noun |
| 叔父/伯父 | おじ | oji | uncle | noun |
| 叔母/伯母 | おば | oba | aunt | noun |
| 従兄弟 | いとこ | itoko | cousin | noun |
| 夫 | おっと | otto | husband (my) | noun |
| 妻 | つま | tsuma | wife (my) | noun |
| 息子 | むすこ | musuko | son | noun |
| 娘 | むすめ | musume | daughter | noun |
Family Members (Polite/Others')
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| ご家族 | ごかぞく | gokazoku | family (honorific) | noun |
| ご両親 | ごりょうしん | goryoushin | parents (honorific) | noun |
| お父さん | おとうさん | otousan | father | noun |
| お母さん | おかあさん | okaasan | mother | noun |
| お兄さん | おにいさん | oniisan | older brother | noun |
| お姉さん | おねえさん | oneesan | older sister | noun |
| 弟さん | おとうとさん | otoutosan | younger brother | noun |
| 妹さん | いもうとさん | imoutosan | younger sister | noun |
| お爺さん | おじいさん | ojiisan | grandfather | noun |
| お婆さん | おばあさん | obaasan | grandmother | noun |
| ご主人 | ごしゅじん | goshujin | husband (someone else's) | noun |
| 奥さん | おくさん | okusan | wife (someone else's) | noun |
| 息子さん | むすこさん | musukosan | son (someone else's) | noun |
| 娘さん | むすめさん | musumesann | daughter (someone else's) | noun |
| 子供 | こども | kodomo | child, children | noun |
Colors
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 色 | いろ | iro | color | noun |
| 赤 | あか | aka | red | noun |
| 青 | あお | ao | blue | noun |
| 黄色 | きいろ | kiiro | yellow | noun |
| 緑 | みどり | midori | green | noun |
| 白 | しろ | shiro | white | noun |
| 黒 | くろ | kuro | black | noun |
| 茶色 | ちゃいろ | chairo | brown | noun |
| ピンク | pinku | pink | noun |
| 紫 | むらさき | murasaki | purple | noun |
| オレンジ | orenji | orange | noun |
| グレー | guree | gray | noun |
Common Adjectives
い-Adjectives
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 大きい | おおきい | ookii | big, large | い-adjective |
| 小さい | ちいさい | chiisai | small, little | い-adjective |
| 高い | たかい | takai | high, tall, expensive | い-adjective |
| 低い | ひくい | hikui | low, short (height) | い-adjective |
| 長い | ながい | nagai | long | い-adjective |
| 短い | みじかい | mijikai | short | い-adjective |
| 新しい | あたらしい | atarashii | new | い-adjective |
| 古い | ふるい | furui | old (things) | い-adjective |
| いい/よい | ii/yoi | good | い-adjective |
| 悪い | わるい | warui | bad | い-adjective |
| 暑い | あつい | atsui | hot (weather) | い-adjective |
| 熱い | あつい | atsui | hot (temperature) | い-adjective |
| 寒い | さむい | samui | cold (weather) | い-adjective |
| 冷たい | つめたい | tsumetai | cold (touch) | い-adjective |
| 暖かい | あたたかい | atatakai | warm | い-adjective |
| 涼しい | すずしい | suzushii | cool | い-adjective |
| 難しい | むずかしい | muzukashii | difficult | い-adjective |
| 易しい | やさしい | yasashii | easy | い-adjective |
| 優しい | やさしい | yasashii | kind, gentle | い-adjective |
| 面白い | おもしろい | omoshiroi | interesting, fun | い-adjective |
| つまらない | tsumaranai | boring | い-adjective |
| 楽しい | たのしい | tanoshii | fun, enjoyable | い-adjective |
| 嬉しい | うれしい | ureshii | happy, glad | い-adjective |
| 悲しい | かなしい | kanashii | sad | い-adjective |
| 早い | はやい | hayai | early | い-adjective |
| 速い | はやい | hayai | fast | い-adjective |
| 遅い | おそい | osoi | late, slow | い-adjective |
| 美味しい | おいしい | oishii | delicious | い-adjective |
| 不味い | まずい | mazui | bad-tasting | い-adjective |
| 甘い | あまい | amai | sweet | い-adjective |
| 辛い | からい | karai | spicy, salty | い-adjective |
| 酸っぱい | すっぱい | suppai | sour | い-adjective |
| 苦い | にがい | nigai | bitter | い-adjective |
| 重い | おもい | omoi | heavy | い-adjective |
| 軽い | かるい | karui | light (weight) | い-adjective |
| 硬い | かたい | katai | hard, stiff | い-adjective |
| 柔らかい | やわらかい | yawarakai | soft | い-adjective |
| 広い | ひろい | hiroi | spacious, wide | い-adjective |
| 狭い | せまい | semai | narrow, cramped | い-adjective |
| 明るい | あかるい | akarui | bright | い-adjective |
| 暗い | くらい | kurai | dark | い-adjective |
| うるさい | urusai | noisy | い-adjective |
| 静か | しずか | shizuka | quiet | い-adjective |
| 忙しい | いそがしい | isogashii | busy | い-adjective |
| かわいい | kawaii | cute | い-adjective |
| きれい | kirei | pretty, clean | い-adjective |
| 危ない | あぶない | abunai | dangerous | い-adjective |
な-Adjectives
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 元気 | げんき | genki | healthy, energetic | の-adjective |
| 静か | しずか | shizuka | quiet | の-adjective |
| 賑やか | にぎやか | nigiyaka | lively, bustling | の-adjective |
| きれい | kirei | pretty, clean | の-adjective |
| 有名 | ゆうめい | yuumei | famous | の-adjective |
| 便利 | べんり | benri | convenient | の-adjective |
| 不便 | ふべん | fuben | inconvenient | の-adjective |
| 好き | すき | suki | liked, favorite | の-adjective |
| 嫌い | きらい | kirai | disliked | の-adjective |
| 大好き | だいすき | daisuki | love, really like | の-adjective |
| 大嫌い | だいきらい | daikirai | hate, really dislike | の-adjective |
| 上手 | じょうず | jouzu | skillful, good at | の-adjective |
| 下手 | へた | heta | unskillful, bad at | の-adjective |
| 大変 | たいへん | taihen | tough, hard | の-adjective |
| 簡単 | かんたん | kantan | simple, easy | の-adjective |
| 親切 | しんせつ | shinsetsu | kind | の-adjective |
| 安全 | あんぜん | anzen | safe | の-adjective |
| 大切 | たいせつ | taisetsu | important | の-adjective |
| 必要 | ひつよう | hitsuyou | necessary | の-adjective |
Common Verbs
う-Verbs (Godan Verbs)
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 行く | いく | iku | to go | verb |
| 帰る | かえる | kaeru | to return, go home | verb |
| ある | aru | to exist (inanimate) | verb |
| 書く | かく | kaku | to write | verb |
| 読む | よむ | yomu | to read | verb |
| 聞く | きく | kiku | to listen, hear, ask | verb |
| 話す | はなす | hanasu | to speak | verb |
| 飲む | のむ | nomu | to drink | verb |
| 買う | かう | kau | to buy | verb |
| 売る | うる | uru | to sell | verb |
| 取る | とる | toru | to take | verb |
| 待つ | まつ | matsu | to wait | verb |
| 立つ | たつ | tatsu | to stand | verb |
| 座る | すわる | suwaru | to sit | verb |
| 歩く | あるく | aruku | to walk | verb |
| 走る | はしる | hashiru | to run | verb |
| 泳ぐ | およぐ | oyogu | to swim | verb |
| 遊ぶ | あそぶ | asobu | to play | verb |
| 死ぬ | しぬ | shinu | to die | verb |
| 分かる | わかる | wakaru | to understand | verb |
| 使う | つかう | tsukau | to use | verb |
| 言う | いう | iu | to say | verb |
| 思う | おもう | omou | to think | verb |
| 知る | しる | shiru | to know | verb |
| 住む | すむ | sumu | to live, reside | verb |
| 休む | やすむ | yasumu | to rest | verb |
| 働く | はたらく | hataraku | to work | verb |
| 歌う | うたう | utau | to sing | verb |
| 持つ | もつ | motsu | to hold, have | verb |
| 送る | おくる | okuru | to send | verb |
| 押す | おす | osu | to push, press | verb |
| 引く | ひく | hiku | to pull | verb |
| 要る | いる | iru | to need | verb |
| 降る | ふる | furu | to fall (rain/snow) | verb |
| 乗る | のる | noru | to ride, get on | verb |
| 消す | けす | kesu | to turn off, erase | verb |
| 渡る | わたる | wataru | to cross | verb |
| 泣く | なく | naku | to cry | verb |
| 笑う | わらう | warau | to laugh | verb |
る-Verbs (Ichidan Verbs)
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 食べる | たべる | taberu | to eat | verb |
| 寝る | ねる | neru | to sleep | verb |
| 起きる | おきる | okiru | to wake up, get up | verb |
| 見る | みる | miru | to see, watch | verb |
| いる | iru | to exist (animate) | verb |
| 出る | でる | deru | to go out, exit | verb |
| 開ける | あける | akeru | to open | verb |
| 閉める | しめる | shimeru | to close | verb |
| 付ける | つける | tsukeru | to turn on, attach | verb |
| 教える | おしえる | oshieru | to teach | verb |
| 覚える | おぼえる | oboeru | to memorize | verb |
| 忘れる | わすれる | wasureru | to forget | verb |
| 借りる | かりる | kariru | to borrow | verb |
| 入れる | いれる | ireru | to put in | verb |
| 上げる | あげる | ageru | to give, raise | verb |
| 見せる | みせる | miseru | to show | verb |
| 答える | こたえる | kotaeru | to answer | verb |
| 掛ける | かける | kakeru | to hang, make a call | verb |
| 辞める | やめる | yameru | to quit | verb |
| 捨てる | すてる | suteru | to throw away | verb |
Irregular Verbs
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| する | suru | to do | verb |
| 来る | くる | kuru | to come | verb |
| 勉強する | べんきょうする | benkyousuru | to study | verb |
| 料理する | りょうりする | ryourisuru | to cook | verb |
| 掃除する | そうじする | soujisuru | to clean | verb |
| 洗濯する | せんたくする | sentakusuru | to do laundry | verb |
| 買い物する | かいものする | kaimonosuru | to shop | verb |
| 散歩する | さんぽする | sanposuru | to take a walk | verb |
| 旅行する | りょこうする | ryokousuru | to travel | verb |
| 結婚する | けっこんする | kekkonsuru | to marry | verb |
| 仕事する | しごとする | shigotosuru | to work | verb |
Places & Locations
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 家 | いえ | ie | house, home | noun |
| うち | uchi | home (one's own) | noun |
| 学校 | がっこう | gakkou | school | noun |
| 大学 | だいがく | daigaku | university | noun |
| 図書館 | としょかん | toshokan | library | noun |
| 銀行 | ぎんこう | ginkou | bank | noun |
| 郵便局 | ゆうびんきょく | yuubinkyoku | post office | noun |
| 病院 | びょういん | byouin | hospital | noun |
| 薬屋 | くすりや | kusuriya | pharmacy | noun |
| 店 | みせ | mise | shop, store | noun |
| デパート | depaato | department store | noun |
| スーパー | suupaa | supermarket | noun |
| コンビニ | konbini | convenience store | noun |
| 本屋 | ほんや | honya | bookstore | noun |
| レストラン | resutoran | restaurant | noun |
| 喫茶店 | きっさてん | kissaten | coffee shop | noun |
| ホテル | hoteru | hotel | noun |
| 駅 | えき | eki | train station | noun |
| 空港 | くうこう | kuukou | airport | noun |
| 公園 | こうえん | kouen | park | noun |
| 会社 | かいしゃ | kaisha | company, office | noun |
| 町 | まち | machi | town, city | noun |
| 村 | むら | mura | village | noun |
| 国 | くに | kuni | country | noun |
| 出口 | でぐち | deguchi | exit | noun |
| 入口 | いりぐち | iriguchi | entrance | noun |
| 隣 | となり | tonari | next to, neighbor | noun |
| 上 | うえ | ue | above, on top | noun |
| 下 | した | shita | below, under | noun |
| 中 | なか | naka | inside | noun |
| 外 | そと | soto | outside | noun |
| 横 | よこ | yoko | side, beside | noun |
| 前 | まえ | mae | front, before | noun |
| 後ろ | うしろ | ushiro | behind, back | noun |
| 右 | みぎ | migi | right | noun |
| 左 | ひだり | hidari | left | noun |
| 近く | ちかく | chikaku | near, nearby | noun |
| 遠く | とおく | tooku | far away | noun |
School & Education
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 先生 | せんせい | sensei | teacher | noun |
| 生徒 | せいと | seito | student (elementary/secondary) | noun |
| 学生 | がくせい | gakusei | student (university) | noun |
| 教室 | きょうしつ | kyoushitsu | classroom | noun |
| 本 | ほん | hon | book | noun |
| ノート | nooto | notebook | noun |
| ペン | pen | pen | noun |
| 鉛筆 | えんぴつ | enpitsu | pencil | noun |
| 消しゴム | けしゴム | keshigomu | eraser | noun |
| 紙 | かみ | kami | paper | noun |
| 辞書 | じしょ | jisho | dictionary | noun |
| 鞄 | かばん | kaban | bag | noun |
| 机 | つくえ | tsukue | desk | noun |
| 椅子 | いす | isu | chair | noun |
| 試験 | しけん | shiken | exam | noun |
| 宿題 | しゅくだい | shukudai | homework | noun |
| 授業 | じゅぎょう | jugyou | class, lesson | noun |
Work & Jobs
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 仕事 | しごと | shigoto | work, job | noun |
| 会社員 | かいしゃいん | kaishain | company employee | noun |
| 医者 | いしゃ | isha | doctor | noun |
| 看護師 | かんごし | kangoshi | nurse | noun |
| 弁護士 | べんごし | bengoshi | lawyer | noun |
| 警察官 | けいさつかん | keisatsukan | police officer | noun |
| エンジニア | enjinia | engineer | noun |
| デザイナー | dezainaa | designer | noun |
| 料理人 | りょうりにん | ryourinin | cook, chef | noun |
| 店員 | てんいん | tenin | shop clerk | noun |
| 運転手 | うんてんしゅ | untenshu | driver | noun |
| 学生 | がくせい | gakusei | student | noun |
Food & Drinks
Meals
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 朝ご飯 | あさごはん | asagohan | breakfast | noun |
| 昼ご飯 | ひるごはん | hirugohan | lunch | noun |
| 晩ご飯 | ばんごはん | bangohan | dinner | noun |
| ご飯 | ごはん | gohan | rice, meal | noun |
| パン | pan | bread | noun |
| 卵 | たまご | tamago | egg | noun |
Food
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 肉 | にく | niku | meat | noun |
| 牛肉 | ぎゅうにく | gyuuniku | beef | noun |
| 豚肉 | ぶたにく | butaniku | pork | noun |
| 鶏肉 | とりにく | toriniku | chicken | noun |
| 魚 | さかな | sakana | fish | noun |
| 野菜 | やさい | yasai | vegetables | noun |
| 果物 | くだもの | kudamono | fruit | noun |
| 林檎 | りんご | ringo | apple | noun |
| バナナ | banana | banana | noun |
| みかん | mikan | mandarin orange | noun |
| 苺 | いちご | ichigo | strawberry | noun |
| トマト | tomato | tomato | noun |
| サラダ | sarada | salad | noun |
| スープ | suupu | soup | noun |
| カレー | karee | curry | noun |
| ラーメン | raamen | ramen | noun |
| 寿司 | すし | sushi | sushi | noun |
| 天ぷら | てんぷら | tenpura | tempura | noun |
Drinks
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 水 | みず | mizu | water | noun |
| お茶 | おちゃ | ocha | tea | noun |
| 紅茶 | こうちゃ | koucha | black tea | noun |
| コーヒー | koohii | coffee | noun |
| 牛乳 | ぎゅうにゅう | gyuunyuu | milk | noun |
| ジュース | juusu | juice | noun |
| ビール | biiru | beer | noun |
| お酒 | おさけ | osake | alcohol | noun |
| ワイン | wain | wine | noun |
Body Parts
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 体 | からだ | karada | body | noun |
| 頭 | あたま | atama | head | noun |
| 顔 | かお | kao | face | noun |
| 目 | め | me | eye | noun |
| 耳 | みみ | mimi | ear | noun |
| 鼻 | はな | hana | nose | noun |
| 口 | くち | kuchi | mouth | noun |
| 歯 | は | ha | tooth/teeth | noun |
| 首 | くび | kubi | neck | noun |
| 肩 | かた | kata | shoulder | noun |
| 腕 | うで | ude | arm | noun |
| 手 | て | te | hand | noun |
| 指 | ゆび | yubi | finger | noun |
| 足 | あし | ashi | leg, foot | noun |
| お腹 | おなか | onaka | stomach | noun |
| 背中 | せなか | senaka | back | noun |
Clothing
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 服 | ふく | fuku | clothes | noun |
| シャツ | shatsu | shirt | noun |
| Tシャツ | tiishatsu | T-shirt | noun |
| ズボン | zubon | pants, trousers | noun |
| スカート | sukaato | skirt | noun |
| 靴 | くつ | kutsu | shoes | noun |
| 靴下 | くつした | kutsushita | socks | noun |
| 帽子 | ぼうし | boushi | hat, cap | noun |
| 眼鏡 | めがね | megane | glasses | noun |
| 時計 | とけい | tokei | watch, clock | noun |
Nature & Weather
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 天気 | てんき | tenki | weather | noun |
| 雨 | あめ | ame | rain | noun |
| 雪 | ゆき | yuki | snow | noun |
| 風 | かぜ | kaze | wind | noun |
| 雲 | くも | kumo | cloud | noun |
| 空 | そら | sora | sky | noun |
| 太陽 | たいよう | taiyou | sun | noun |
| 月 | つき | tsuki | moon | noun |
| 星 | ほし | hoshi | star | noun |
| 海 | うみ | umi | sea, ocean | noun |
| 川 | かわ | kawa | river | noun |
| 山 | やま | yama | mountain | noun |
| 木 | き | ki | tree | noun |
| 花 | はな | hana | flower | noun |
| 犬 | いぬ | inu | dog | noun |
| 猫 | ねこ | neko | cat | noun |
| 鳥 | とり | tori | bird | noun |
Common Nouns
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 物 | もの | mono | thing | noun |
| 人 | ひと | hito | person | noun |
| 名前 | なまえ | namae | name | noun |
| 電話 | でんわ | denwa | telephone | noun |
| 携帯 | けいたい | keitai | mobile phone | noun |
| パソコン | pasokon | computer | noun |
| テレビ | terebi | television | noun |
| ラジオ | rajio | radio | noun |
| カメラ | kamera | camera | noun |
| 写真 | しゃしん | shashin | photograph | noun |
| 映画 | えいが | eiga | movie | noun |
| 音楽 | おんがく | ongaku | music | noun |
| スポーツ | supootsu | sports | noun |
| 車 | くるま | kuruma | car | noun |
| 自転車 | じてんしゃ | jitensha | bicycle | noun |
| 電車 | でんしゃ | densha | train | noun |
| バス | basu | bus | noun |
| 飛行機 | ひこうき | hikouki | airplane | noun |
| 船 | ふね | fune | ship, boat | noun |
| 切符 | きっぷ | kippu | ticket | noun |
| お金 | おかね | okane | money | noun |
| 手紙 | てがみ | tegami | letter | noun |
| ドア | doa | door | noun |
| 窓 | まど | mado | window | noun |
| テーブル | teeburu | table | noun |
| ベッド | beddo | bed | noun |
| 部屋 | へや | heya | room | noun |
| トイレ | toire | toilet, bathroom | noun |
| 風呂 | ふろ | furo | bath | noun |
Basic Particles
| Hiragana | Romaji | Function | Example Meaning |
|---|
| は | wa | topic marker | as for... |
| が | ga | subject marker | (subject) does |
| を | wo/o | object marker | (direct object) |
| に | ni | direction/time/location | to, at, in, on |
| へ | e | direction | to, toward |
| で | de | location of action/means | at, in, by |
| と | to | and/with | and, with |
| も | mo | also, too | also, too |
| の | no | possessive/modifier | of, 's |
| か | ka | question marker | ? |
| ね | ne | confirmation | right?, isn't it? |
| よ | yo | emphasis | I tell you |
| から | kara | from, because | from, since, because |
| まで | made | until, to | until, to, up to |
| や | ya | and (non-exhaustive) | and, etc. |
Expressions & Phrases
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| はい | hai | yes | expression |
| いいえ | iie | no | expression |
| ありがとう | arigatou | thank you | expression |
| すみません | sumimasen | excuse me, sorry | expression |
| ごめんなさい | gomennasai | I'm sorry | expression |
| お願いします | おねがいします | onegaishimasu | please | expression |
| いただきます | itadakimasu | (said before eating) | expression |
| ごちそうさまでした | gochisousamadeshita | (said after eating) | expression |
| おはよう | ohayou | good morning | expression |
| 今日は | こんにちは | konnichiwa | hello, good afternoon | expression |
| 今晩は | こんばんは | konbanwa | good evening | expression |
| おやすみなさい | oyasuminasai | good night | expression |
| さようなら | sayounara | goodbye | expression |
| じゃあね | jaane | see you (casual) | expression |
| またね | matane | see you again | expression |
| 行ってきます | いってきます | ittekimasu | I'm leaving (home) | expression |
| いってらっしゃい | itterasshai | have a good trip | expression |
| ただいま | tadaima | I'm home | expression |
| おかえりなさい | okaerirnasai | welcome home | expression |
| いらっしゃいませ | irasshaimase | welcome (店で) | expression |
| 初めまして | はじめまして | hajimemashite | nice to meet you | expression |
| どうぞよろしく | douzo yoroshiku | pleased to meet you | expression |
Common Adverbs
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| とても | totemo | very | adverb |
| すごく | sugoku | very, extremely | adverb |
| ちょっと | chotto | a little | adverb |
| 少し | すこし | sukoshi | a little, few | adverb |
| 沢山 | たくさん | takusan | a lot, many | adverb |
| もっと | motto | more | adverb |
| 一番 | いちばん | ichiban | most, best | adverb |
| だけ | dake | only | adverb |
| 全然 | ぜんぜん | zenzen | (not) at all | adverb |
| あまり | amari | (not) very | adverb |
| もう | mou | already, anymore | adverb |
| まだ | mada | still, not yet | adverb |
| 又 | また | mata | again | adverb |
| いつも | itsumo | always | adverb |
| よく | yoku | often, well | adverb |
| 時々 | ときどき | tokidoki | sometimes | adverb |
| 大抵 | たいてい | taitei | usually | adverb |
| 全部 | ぜんぶ | zenbu | all, everything | adverb |
| 大体 | だいたい | daitai | mostly, roughly | adverb |
| きっと | kitto | surely, certainly | adverb |
| 多分 | たぶん | tabun | probably, maybe | adverb |
| ゆっくり | yukkuri | slowly | adverb |
| 早く | はやく | hayaku | early, quickly | adverb |
| すぐ | sugu | immediately | adverb |
| 一緒に | いっしょに | issho ni | together | adverb |
| 一人で | ひとりで | hitori de | alone, by oneself | adverb |
Numbers & More
Ordinal Numbers
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 一番 | いちばん | ichiban | first, number one | noun |
| 二番 | にばん | niban | second, number two | noun |
| 三番 | さんばん | sanban | third, number three | noun |
Frequency
| Kanji | Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning | Type |
|---|
| 一回 | いっかい | ikkai | once, one time | adverb |
| 二回 | にかい | nikai | twice, two times | adverb |
| 三回 | さんかい | sankai | three times | adverb |
| 何回 | なんかい | nankai | how many times | adverb |
Resources
Other online resources: