Weather
Weather is a universal conversation topic in Japan, where seasons play an important cultural role. This lesson covers weather conditions, temperature words, and related actions.
Weather Conditionsโ
| Hiragana | Kanji | Romaji | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ใฆใใ | ๅคฉๆฐ | tenki | โ๏ธ weather | noun |
| ใใ | ็ฉบ | sora | ๐ sky | noun |
| ใฏใ | ๆดใ | hare | โ๏ธ clear weather | noun |
| ใใใ | ๆใ | kumori | โ๏ธ cloudy weather | noun |
| ใใ | ้จ | ame | ๐ง๏ธ rain | noun |
| ใใ | ้ช | yuki | โ๏ธ snow | noun |
| ใใ | ้ขจ | kaze | ๐จ wind | noun |
| ใใฟใชใ | ้ท | kaminari | โก thunder, lightning | noun |
| ใใใตใ | ๅฐ้ขจ | taifuu | ๐ typhoon | noun |
| ใใ | ้ง | kiri | ๐ซ๏ธ fog | noun |
| ใใใใคใ | ่ธใๆใ | mushiatsui | ๐ฅต humid and hot | ใ-adjective |
| ใใใใใใ | jimejime shita | ๐ง damp, humid | ใช-adjective | |
| ใฏใใ | ๆดใใ | hareru | โ๏ธ to clear up | verb |
| ใใใ | ๆใ | kumoru | โ๏ธ to become cloudy | verb |
| ใตใ | ้ใ | furu | ๐ง๏ธ to fall (rain/snow) | verb |
| ใตใ | ๅนใ | fuku | ๐จ to blow (wind) | verb |
| ใใ | ๆญขใ | yamu | ๐ to stop (rain) | verb |
| ใฌใใ | ๆฟกใใ | nureru | ๐ฆ to get wet | verb |
| ใใใ | ไนพใ | kawaku | โ๏ธ to dry | verb |
| ใคใใ | ็ฉใใ | tsumoru | โ๏ธ to pile up | verb |
| ใจใใ | ๆบถใใ | tokeru | ๐ง to melt | verb |
| ใใใใ | ้ชใใ | yukikaki | โ๏ธ snow shoveling | noun |
Examples:
- ใใใใฏ ใใใฆใใ ใงใใญใ โ Nice weather today, isn't it?
- kyou wa ii tenki desu ne.
- ใใใใฏ ใใใใคใ ใงใใญใ โ It's humid and hot today, isn't it?
- kyou wa mushiatsui desu ne.
Temperatureโ
| Hiragana | Kanji | Romaji | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ใใใฉ | ๆธฉๅบฆ | ondo | ๐ก๏ธ temperature | noun |
| ใใคใฉ | ๆนฟๅบฆ | shitsudo | ๐ง humidity | noun |
| ใใคใ | ๆใ | atsui | ๐ฅต hot (weather) | ใ-adjective |
| ใใใ | ๅฏใ | samui | ๐ฅถ cold (weather) | ใ-adjective |
| ใใใใใ | ๆใใ | atatakai | ๐ธ warm | ใ-adjective |
| ใใใใ | ๆถผใใ | suzushii | ๐ cool, refreshing | ใ-adjective |
When watching Japanese weather forecasts:
- ใฆใใใใปใ (ๅคฉๆฐไบๅ ฑ) โ weather forecast
- ใใใใใใใ (ๆ้ซๆฐๆธฉ) โ high temperature
- ใใใฆใใใใ (ๆไฝๆฐๆธฉ) โ low temperature
- ใใใใใใใใค (้ๆฐด็ขบ็) โ chance of precipitation
Examples:
- ใใใใฏ ใใใ ใงใใญใ โ It's cold today, isn't it?
- kyou wa samui desu ne.
- ใชใคใฏ ใใคใ ใงใใ โ Summer is hot.
- natsu wa atsui desu.
- ใใใใใ ใชใใพใใใญใ โ It's gotten warm, hasn't it?
- atatakaku narimashita ne.
Don't confuse ๆใ (atsui, hot weather) with ็ฑใ (atsui, hot to touch). Same pronunciation, different kanji!
- ใใใใฏ ๆใ ใงใใโ Today is hot. (weather)
- ใใฎในใผใใฏ ็ฑใ ใงใใโ This soup is hot. (temperature of object)
- ๅฏใ (ใใใ) = cold weather/air temperature
- ๅทใใ (ใคใใใ) = cold to touch (drinks, ice, water)
Example:
- ใใใใฏ ใใใ ใงใใโ Today is cold.
- ใคใใใ ใฟใใ ใใ ใใใโ Please give me cold water.
Seasonsโ
| Hiragana | Kanji | Romaji | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ใใใค | ๅญฃ็ฏ | kisetsu | ๐ season | noun |
| ใฏใ | ๆฅ | haru | ๐ธ spring | noun |
| ใชใค | ๅค | natsu | ๐ป summer | noun |
| ใใ | ็ง | aki | ๐ autumn, fall | noun |
| ใตใ | ๅฌ | fuyu | โ winter | noun |
- Rainy Season: ๆข ้จ (tsuyu/baiu) is the rainy season in June-July
- Cherry Blossoms: ่ฑ่ฆ (hanami) โ viewing cherry blossoms in spring is a beloved tradition
- Autumn Leaves: ็ด ่ (kouyou/momiji) viewing is popular in autumn
Examples:
- ใฏใใซ ใใใใ ใฟใซ ใใใพใใ โ In spring, I go to see the cherry blossoms.
- haru ni sakura o mi ni ikimasu.
- ใใใฏ ใใใใ ใชใใพใใ โ Autumn becomes cool.
- aki wa suzushiku narimasu.
- ใตใใซ ในใญใผใ ใใซ ใใใพใใ โ In winter, I go skiing.
- fuyu ni sukii o shi ni ikimasu.
Weather Gearโ
Hot Weatherโ
| Hiragana | Kanji | Romaji | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ใผใใ | ๅธฝๅญ | boushi | ๐งข hat, cap | noun |
| ใตใณใฐใฉใน | sangurasu | ๐ถ๏ธ sunglasses | noun | |
| ใฒใใใฉใ | ๆฅ็ผใๆญขใ | hiyakedome | ๐งด sunscreen | noun |
| ใใใ | ๆๅญ | sensu | ๐ชญ folding fan | noun |
| ใใกใ | ๅฃๆ | uchiwa | ๐ชญ hand fan | noun |
| ใฒใใ | ๆฅๅ | higasa | โ๏ธ parasol | noun |
Examples:
- ใผใใใ ใใถใฃใฆใใ ใใใ โ Please wear a hat.
- boushi o kabutte kudasai.
- ใฒใใใฉใใ ใฌใใพใใใ๏ผ โ Did you put on sunscreen?
- hiyakedome o nurimashita ka?
Rain Gearโ
| Hiragana | Kanji | Romaji | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ใใ | ๅ | kasa | โ๏ธ umbrella | noun |
| ใฌใคใณใณใผใ | reinkooto | ๐งฅ raincoat | noun | |
| ใชใใใค | ้ท้ด | nagagutsu | ๐ข rain boots | noun |
| ใใฃใฑ | ๅ็พฝ | kappa | ๐งฅ rain poncho | noun |
Examples:
- ใใใ ใใฃใฆใใพใใ๏ผ โ Do you have an umbrella?
- kasa o motte imasu ka?
- ใใใ ใตใใใใ ใใใใใใ ใใฃใฆใใฃใฆใ โ It looks like rain, so take an umbrella.
- ame ga furisou dakara, kasa o motte itte.
Winter Gearโ
| Hiragana | Kanji | Romaji | English | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ใฆใถใใ | ๆ่ข | tebukuro | ๐งค gloves | noun |
| ใใใฉใผ | mafuraa | ๐งฃ scarf | noun | |
| ใณใผใ | kooto | ๐งฅ coat | noun | |
| ใใฆใณใธใฃใฑใใ | daun jaketto | ๐งฅ down jacket | noun | |
| ใใใใผใ | ใใใๅธฝ | nittobou | ๐งถ knit cap, beanie | noun |
| ใคใคใผใใ | iyaamafu | ๐ง earmuffs | noun | |
| ใใผใ | buutsu | ๐ข boots | noun | |
| ในใณใใ | sukoppu | ๐ชฃ shovel, scoop | noun | |
| ใใใ ใใพ | ้ชใ ใใพ | yukidaruma | โ snowman | noun |
Examples:
- ใใใใใใใณใผใใ ใใฆใใ ใใใ โ It's cold, so please wear a coat.
- samui kara, kooto o kite kudasai.
- ใฆใถใใใ ใใใใพใใใ โ I forgot my gloves.
- tebukuro o wasuremashita.
- ใใใ ใใใใ ใคใใใพใใใ โ A lot of snow accumulated.
- yuki ga takusan tsumorimashita.
- ใใฉใใใกใฏ ใใใ ใใพใ ใคใใฃใฆใใพใใ โ The children are making a snowman.
- kodomotachi wa yukidaruma o tsukutte imasu.
Weather Expressionsโ
Asking About Weatherโ
-
Q: ใใใใฎ ใฆใใใฏ ใฉใใงใใ๏ผ โ How's the weather today?
- kyou no tenki wa dou desu ka?
-
A: ใใใ ใตใฃใฆใใพใใ โ It's raining.
- ame ga futte imasu.
-
Q: ใใจใฏ ใฉใใงใใ๏ผ โ How is it outside?
- soto wa dou desu ka?
-
A: ใใใ ใตใใฆใใพใใ โ The wind is blowing.
- kaze ga fuite imasu.
-
Q: ใใใใฏ ใฏใใพใใ๏ผ โ Will it be sunny tomorrow?
- ashita wa haremasu ka?
-
A: ใฏใใใฏใใใจ ใใใใพใใ โ Yes, I think it will be sunny.
- hai, hareru to omoimasu.